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This reference list was compiled by Robert Hare for personal use. We are currently in the process of adding links to available abstracts, and in some instances, links to the full text (search for [full text]). To download a copy of this reference list, please choose either: Word (1.5MB), Rich Text (2.2MB), or PDF (1.0MB). Note: the reference list you download may be slightly different from the list below, although we do our best to keep them both current.

Updated January 5, 2010 (126 new and updated references were added).
Download files updated January 5, 2010



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Abbott, A. (2001). Into the mind of a killer. Nature Magazine, 410, 296-298.

Abbott, A. (2007). Abnormal neuroscience: Scanning psychopaths. Nature, 450, 942-944.

Abbott, T. M., & Forth, A. E. (1999). Antisocial attitudes, personality, and behaviors in a university sample [Abstract]. Canadian Psychology, 40(2a), 108.

Abderhalden, C., Needham, I., Friedli, T. K., Poelmans, J., & Dassen, T. (2002). Perception of aggression among psychiatric nurses in Switzerland. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 106(Suppl. 412), 110-117.

Abracen, J., & Looman, J. (2004). Issues in the treatment of sexual offenders: Recent developments and directions for future research. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 9(3), 229-246.

Abracen, J., & Looman, J. (2005). Developments in the assessment and treatment of sexual offenders: Looking backward with a view to the future. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20(1), 12-19.

Abramowitz, C. S., Kosson, D. S., & Seidenberg, M. (2004). The relationship between childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct problems and adult psychopathy in male inmates. Personality and Individual Differences, 36(5), 1031-1047.

Abushua’leh, K., & Abu-Akel, A. (2006). Association of psychopathic traits and symptomatology with violence in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 143(2-3), 205-211.

Achenbach, T. M., & Edelbrock, C. S. (1978). The classification of child psychopathology: A review and analysis of empirical efforts. Psychological Bulletin, 85(6), 1275-1301.

Adshead, G. (1996). "Psychopathy, other-regarding moral beliefs and responsibility": Comment. Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology, 3(4), 279-281.

af Klinteberg, B. (1996). Biology, norms and personality: A developmental perspective. Neuropsychobiology, 34(3), 146-154

af Klinteberg, B. (1996). The psychopathic personality in a longitudinal perspective. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 5, 57-63.

af Klinteberg, B. (1997). Hyperactive behaviour and aggressiveness as early risk indicators for violence: Variable and person approaches. Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention, 6, 21-34.

af Klinteberg, B. (1998). Biology and personality: Findings from a longitudinal project. In D. J. Cooke, A. E. Forth, & R. D. Hare (Eds.), Psychopathy: Theory, research, and implications for society (pp. 139-160). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.

*af Klinteberg, B., Humble, K., & Schalling, D. (1992). Personality and psychopathy of males with a history of early criminal behavior. European Journal of Personality, 6(4), 245-266.

af Klinteberg, B., Johansson, S. E., Gacono, C., & Alm, P. O. (2008). Projective risk variables in early adolescence and subsequent disinhibitory psychopathology. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 31(3), 210-218. [special issue]

af Klinteberg, B., Schalling, D., & Magnusson, D. (1988). Childhood behavior and adult personality in male and female subjects: Relationships between vulnerability indicators from teacher ratings and self-report inventory scales. Reports from the Department of Psychology, University of Stockholm, 675.

Aguilar, B., Sroufe, L.A., Egeland, B., & Carlson, E. (2000). Distinguishing the early-onset/persistent and adolescence-onset antisocial behavior types: From birth to 16 years. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 109-132.

Aharoni, E., Weintraub, L. L., & Fridlund, A. J. (2007). No skin off my back: Retribution deficits in psychopathic motives for punishment. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 25, 869-889.

Ahuja, A. (2002). Bad brain or bad person? Does the existence of a criminal brain diminish the notion of personal responsibility? Times Online, April 22, 2002.

Aki, K. (2003). Serial killers: A cross-cultural study between Japan and the United States. Unpublished masters thesis, California State University, Fresno, CA.

Albert, R. S., Brigante, T. R., & Chase, M. (1959). The psychopathic personality: A content analysis of the concept. Journal of General Psychology, 60, 17-28.

Alexander, J. E., Porjesz, B. Bauer, L. O., Kuperman, S., Morzorati, S., O'Conner, S. J., Rohrbaugh, J. W., Begleiter, H., & Polich, J. (1995). P300 hemispheric amplitude asymmetries from a visual oddball task. Psychophysiology, 32, 467-475.

Alexander, R. (1993). The civil commitment of sex offenders in light of Foucha v. Louisiana. Criminal Justice & Behavior, 20(4), 371-387.

Ali, F., Amorim, I. S., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2009). Empathy deficits and trait emotional intelligence in psychopathy and Machiavellianism. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(7), 758-762.

Ali, F., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2010). The dark side of love and life satisfaction: Associations with intimate relationships, psychopathy and Machiavellianism. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(2), 228-233.

Alia-Klein, N., Goldstein, R. Z., Kriplani, A., Logan, J., Tomasi, D., Williams, B., Telang, F., Shumay, E., Biegon, A., Craig, I. W., Henn, F., Wang, G., Volkow, N. D., & Fowler, J. S. (2008). Brain monoamine oxidase A activity predicts trait aggression. Journal of Neuroscience, 28(19), 5099-5104.

Allen, H. E., Dinitz, S., Foster, T. W., Goldman, H., & Lindner, L. A. (1976). Sociopathy: An experiment in internal environmental control. American Behavioural Scientist, 20(2), 215-226.

*Alm, P. O., af Klinteberg, B., Humble, K., Leppert, J., Sorensen, S., Tegelman, R., Thorell, L. H., & Lidberg, L. (1996), Criminality and psychopathy as related to thyroid activity in former juvenile delinquents. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 94(2), 112-117.

*Alm, P. O., af Klinteberg, B., Humble, K., Leppert, J., Sorensen, S., Thorell, L. H., Lidberg, L., & Oreland, L. (1996), Psychopathy, platelet MAO activity and criminality among former juvenile delinquents. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 94(2), 105-111.

Alm, P. O., af Klinteberg, B., Humble, K., Leppert, J., Sorenson, S., Thorell, L., Lidberg, L., & Oreland, L. (1996). Psychopathy, platelet MAO activity and criminality among juvenile delinquents grown up. In D. J. Cooke, A. E. Forth, J. P. Newman, & R. D. Hare (Eds.), Issues in criminological and legal psychology: No. 24, International perspective on psychopathy (pp. 6-11). Leicester, UK: British Psychological Society.

Alterman, A. I., & Cacciola, J. S. (1991). The antisocial personality disorder diagnosis in substance abusers. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 179(7), 401-409.

*Alterman, A. I., Cacciola, J. S., & Rutherford, M. J. (1993). Reliability of the Revised Psychopathy Checklist in substance abuse patients. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 5(4), 442-448.

*Alterman, A. I., McDermott, P. A., Cacciola, J. S., Rutherford, M. J., Boardman, C. R., McKay, J. R., & Cook, T. G. (1998). A typology of antisociality in methadone patients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107(3), 412-422.

Alterman, A. I., Rutherford, M. J., Cacciola, J. S., & McKay, J. R. (1995). Two year predictive validity of psychopathy versus antisocial personality disorder diagnosis. NIDA Research Monograph, 153, Problems of Drug Dependence 1994: Proceedings of the 56th Annual Scientific Meeting The College on Problems of Drug Dependence, Inc, Volume II. Rockville, MD: NIDA.

*Alterman, A. I., Rutherford, M. J., Cacciola, J. S., McKay, J. R., & Boardman, C. R. (1998). Prediction of 7 months methadone maintenance treatment response by four measures of antisociality. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 49(3), 217-223.

Amato, J. & Cornell, D. (August 2004). Adolescent psychopathy: Factor structure and correspondence with the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI). Poster presented at the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, Honolulu, Hawaii. [full text - PDF]

Amato, J. M., Cornell, D. G., & Fan, X. (2008). Adolescent psychopathy: Factor structure and correspondence with the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 35(3), 294-310.

American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education. (1999). Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association.

Anastassiou-Hadjicharalambous, X., & Warden, D. (2008). Cognitive and affective perspective-taking in conduct-disordered children high and low on callous-unemotional traits. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2, 16. [full text]

Anastassiou-Hadjicharalambous, X., & Warden, D. (2008). Physiologically-indexed and self-perceived affective empathy in conduct-disordered children high and low on callous-unemotional traits. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 39(4), 503-517.

*Andersen, H. S., Sestoft, D., Lillebaek, T., & Gabrielsen, G. (1996). Prevalence of ICD-10 psychiatric morbidity in random samples of prisoners on remand. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 19(1), 61-74.

*Andersen, H. S., Sestoft, D., Lillebaek, T., Mortensen, E. L., & Kramp, P. (1999). Psychopathy and psychopathological profiles in prisoners on remand. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 99, 33-39.

Andershed, H., Gustafson, S. B., Kerr, M., & Stattin, H. (2002). The usefulness of self-reported psychopathy-like traits in the study of antisocial behaviour among non-referred adolescents. European Journal of Personality, 16, 383-402.

Andershed, H., Hodgins, S., & Tengström, A. (2007). Convergent validity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI): Association with the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV). Assessment, 14(2), 144-154.

Andershed, H., Kerr, M., & Stattin, H. (2002). Understanding the abnormal by studying the normal. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 106(Suppl. 412), 75-80.

Andershed, H., Kerr, M., Stattin, H., & Levander, S. (2002). Psychopathic traits in non-referred youths: A new assessment tool. In E. Blaauw, & L. Sheridan (Eds.), Psychopaths: Current International Perspectives (pp. 131-158). The Hague: Elsevier.

Andershed, H., Köhler, D., Louden, J. E., & Hinrichs, G. (2008). Does the three-factor model of psychopathy identify a problematic subgroup of young offenders? International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 31(3), 189-198. [special issue]

Andrade, J. T. (2008). The inclusion of antisocial behavior in the construct of psychopathy: A review of the research. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 13, 328-335.

Andrade, J. T., Vincent, G. M., & Saleh, F. M. (2006). Juvenile sex offenders: A complex population. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 51(1), 163-167.

Andrew, J., Cooke, M., & Muncer, S. J. (2008). The relationship between empathy and Machiavellianism: An alternative to empathizing-systemizing theory. Personality and Individual Differences, 44, 1203-1211.

Andrews, D. A. (1989). Recidivism is predictable and can be influenced: Using risk assessments to reduce recidivism. Forum on Corrections Research, 1(2), 11-17. [full text]

Andrews, D. A., Bonta, J., & Wormith, J. S. (2006). The recent past and near future of risk and/or need assessment. Crime Delinquency, 52(1), 7-27.

Anestis, M. D., Anestis, J. C., & Jo, T. E. (2009). Affective considerations in antisocial behavior: An examination of negative urgency in primary and secondary psychopathy. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 668-670.

Ang, R. P., & Huan, V. S. (2008). Predictors of recidivism for adolescent offenders in a Singapore sample. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 35(7), 895-905.

Aniskiewicz, A. S. (1979). Autonomic components of vicarious conditioning and psychopathy. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 35(1), 60-67.

Antonowicz, D., Verbrugge, P., & Forth, A. E. (2003, June). The psychopathic personality inventory short-form: Factor structure and validity with non-offenders. Poster presented at the 64th Annual CPA Convention, Hamilton, ON.

Anumba, N., DeMatteo, D., & Marcxyk, G. (2007, June). The relationship between education, employment, and psychopathy in a community sample. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the IAFMHS, Montréal, QC, June 26-28, 2007.

Archer, R. P., Buffington-Vollum, J. K., Stredny, R. V., & Handel, R. W. (2006). A survey of psychological test use patterns among forensic psychologists. Journal of Personality Assessment, 87(1), 84-94.

Arnett, P. A. (1997). Autonomic responsivity in psychopaths: A critical review and theoretical proposal. Clinical Psychology Review, 17(8), 03-936.

*Arnett, P. A., Howland, E. W., Smith, S. S., & Newman, J. P. (1993). Autonomic responsivity during passive avoidance in incarcerated psychopaths. Personality and Individual Differences, 14(1), 173-184.

Arnett, P. A., & Newman, J. P. (2000). Gray's three arousal model: An empirical investigation. Personality and Individual Differences, 28, 1171-1189.

*Arnett, P. A., Smith, S. S., & Newman, J. P. (1997). Approach and avoidance motivation in psychopathic criminal offenders during passive avoidance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(6), 1413-1428.

Aronson, J. D. (2007). Brain imaging, culpability and the juvenile death penalty. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 13(2), 115-142.

Arrigo, B. A., & Griffin, A. (2004). Serial murder and the case of Aileen Wuornos: Attachment theory, psychopathy, and predatory aggression. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 22, 375-3930.

Arrigo, B. A., & Shipley, S. (2001). The confusion over psychopathy (I): Historical considerations. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 45(3), 325-344.

Ashkar, P. J., & Kenny, D. T. (2008). Views from the inside: Young offenders’ subjective experiences of incarceration. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 52(5), 584-597.

Ashton, M. C., Lee, K., & Son, C. (2000). Honesty as the sixth factor of personality: Correlations with Machiavellianism, primary psychopathy, and social adroitness. European Journal of Personality, 14(4), 359-368.

Asperger, H., & Frith, U. (1991). "Autistic psychopathy" in childhood. In U. Frith (Ed.), Autism and Asperger Syndrome (pp. 37-92). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Assadi, S. M., Noroozian, M., Pakravannejad, M., Yahyazadeh, O., Aghayan, S., Shariat, S. V., & Fazel, S. (2006). Psychiatric morbidity among sentenced prisoners: Prevalence study in Iran. British Journal of Psychiatry, 188(2), 159-164.

Assadi, S. M., Noroozian, M., Shariat, S. V., Yahyazadeh, O., Pakravannejad, M., & Aghayan, S. (2007). Neurological soft signs in mentally disordered offenders. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 19, 420-427.

Association of Threat Assessment Professionals. (2006). Risk Assessment Guideline Elements for Violence (RAGE-V): Considerations for Assessing the Risk of Future Violent Behavior. Author. [full text]

Attrill, G. (2004, November). The development & implementation of a treatment programme for violent psychopathic offenders. Paper presented at the Bergen International Conference on the Treatment of Psychopathy, Bergen, Norway, November 8-9, 2004.

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Babcock, J. C., Green, C. E., & Webb, S. A. (2008). Decoding deficits of different types of batterers during presentation of facial affect slides. Journal of Family Violence, 23(5), 295-302.

Babcock, J. C., Green, C. E., Webb, S. A., & Yerington, T. P. (2005). Psychophysiological profiles of batterers: Autonomic emotional reactivity as it predicts the antisocial spectrum of behavior among intimate partner abusers. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114(3), 444-455.

*Babiak, P. (1995). When psychopaths go to work: A case study of an industrial psychopath. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 44(2), 171-178.

Babiak, P. (1996). Psychopathic manipulation in organizations: Pawns, patrons, and patsies. In D. J. Cooke, A. E. Forth, J. P. Newman, & R. D. Hare (Eds.), Issues in criminological and legal psychology: No. 24, International perspective on psychopathy (pp. 12-17). Leicester, UK: British Psychological Society.

Babiak, P. (2000). Psychopathic manipulation at work. In C. Gacono (Ed.), The Clinical and Forensic Assessment of Psychopathy: A Practitioner's Guide (pp. 287-311). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Babiak, P. (2007). From darkness into the light: Psychopathy in industrial and organizational psychology. In H. Hervé & J. C. Yuille (Eds.), The psychopath: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 411-428). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates.

Babiak, P., & Hare, R. D. (2005). The B-Scan 360: Research Version. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems.

Babiak, P., & Hare, R. D. (2005, July). B-Scan 360: Development of a measure of "psychopathy" for organizations. Poster presented at the inaugural meeting of the Society for the Scientific Study of Psychopathy, Vancouver, B.C., July 28-30, 2005.

Babiak, P., & Hare, R. D. (2006). Snakes in Suits: When Psychopaths Go To Work. New York: ReganBooks.

Bachand, N. L. (1977). Avoidance learning and reaction time as a function of psychopathy and anxiety/arousal [Abstract]. Dissertation Abstract International, 38(11), 5554.

Bagley, A. D., Abramowitz, C. S., & Kosson, D. S. (2009). Vocal affect recognition and psychopathy: converging findings across traditional and cluster analytic approaches to assessing the construct. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118(2), 388-398.

Baker, E., & Crichton, J. (1995). Ex parte A: Psychopathy, treatability and the law. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 6(1), 101-120.

Baker, L. A., Jacobson, K. C., Raine, A., Lozano, D. I., & Bezdjian, S. (2007). Genetic and environmental bases of childhood antisocial behavior: A multi-informant twin study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116(2), 219-235.

Baker, L. A., Tuvblad, C., Reynolds, C., Zheng, M., Lozano, D. I., & Raine, A. (2009). Resting heart rate and the development of antisocial behavior from age 9 to 14: Genetic and environmental influences. Development and Psychopathology, 21(3), 939-960.

Bambonyé, M. (1996). Mental health and psychosexual disorders among federal sex offenders. Forum on Corrections Research, 8(2), 16-17. [full text]

Barbaree, H. E. (2005). Psychopathy, treatment behavior, and recidivism: An extended follow-up of Seto and Barbaree (1999). Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 20(9), 1115-1131.

Barbaree, H. E., Langton, C. M., & Blanchard, R. (2007). Predicting recidivism in sex offenders using the VRAG and SORAG: The contribution of age-at-release. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 6(1), 29-46. [full text]

Barbaree, H. E., Langton, C. M., Blanchard, R., & Boer, D. P. (2008). Predicting recidivism in sex offenders using the SVR-20: The contribution of age-at-release. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 7(1), 47-64.

Barbaree, H. E., Langton, C. M., Blanchard, R., & Cantor, J. M. (2009). Aging versus stable enduring traits as explanatory constructs in sex offender recidivism: Partitioning actuarial prediction into conceptually meaningful components. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 36(5), 443-465.

Barbaree, H. E., Langton, C. M., & Peacock, E. J. (2006). The factor structure of static actuarial items: Its relation to prediction. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 18(2), 207-226.

Barbaree, H. E., Seto, M. C., & Langton, C. M. (2001, November). Psychopathy, treatment behavior, and sex offender recidivism: An extended follow-up. Paper presented at the 20th Annual Conference of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, San Antonio, Texas.

Barbaree, H. E., Seto, M. C., Langton, C. M., & Peacock, E. J. (2001). Evaluating the predictive accuracy of six risk assessment instruments for adult sex offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 28(4), 490-521.

*Barbaree, H. E., Seto, M. C., Serin, R., Amos, N., & Preston, D. (1994). Comparisons between sexual and nonsexual rapist subtypes: Sexual arousal to rape, offense precursors, and offense characteristics. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 21(1), 95-114.

Barbour-McMullen, J., Coid, J., & Howard, R. (1988). The psychometric identification of psychopathy in mentally abnormal offenders. Personality and Individual Differences, 9(4), 817-823.

Bare, R. L., Hopko, D. R., & Armento, M. E. A. (2004). The relation of psychopathic characteristics and anxiety in noncriminals: Physiological and cognitive responses to guided imagery. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(4), 225-232.

Barkataki, I., Kumari, V., Das, M., Sumich, A., Taylor, P., & Sharma, T. (2008). Neural correlates of deficient response inhibition in mentally disordered violent individuals. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 26(1), 51-64 [special issue]

Barkataki, I., Kumari, V., Das, M., Taylor, P., & Sharma, T. (2006). Volumetric structural brain abnormalities in men with schizophrenia or antisocial personality disorder. Behavioural Brain Research, 169, 239-247.

Barnoski, R., & Aos, S. (2003). Washington's offender accountability act: An analysis of the department of corrections' risk assessment. Washington State Institute for Public Policy, December, 2003. [full text]

Barr, K. N. & Quinsey, V. L. (2004). Is psychopathy a pathology or a life strategy? Implications for social policy. In C. Crawford & C. Salmon (Eds.), Evolutionary psychology, public policy, and personal decisions (pp. 293-317). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Barrett, B., Byford, S., Seivewright, H., Cooper, S., Duggan, C., & Tyrer, P. (2009). The assessment of dangerous and severe personality disorder: Service use, cost, and consequences. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 20(1), 120-131.

Barriga, A. Q., Hawkins, M. A., & Camelia, C. R. T. (2008). Specificity of cognitive distortions to antisocial behaviours. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 18(2), 104-116.

Barrigher, P. L. (1997). Differences in the Hare Psychopathy Checklist - Revised scores among African-American and white offenders [Abstract]. Dissertation Abstracts International, 57(12-B), 7715.

Barry, C. T., Frick, P. J., DeShazo, T. M., McCoy, M. G., Ellis, M., & Loney, B. R. (2000). The importance of callous-unemotional traits for extending the concept of psychopathy to children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(2), 335-340.

Barry, T. D., Barry, C. T., Deming, A. M., & Lockman, J. E. (2008). Stability of psychopathic characteristics in childhood: The influence of social relationships. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 35(2), 244-262. [special issue]

Barry, T. D., Thompson, A., Barry, C. T., Lochman, J. E., Adler, K., & Hill, K. (2007). The importance of narcissism in predicting proactive and reactive aggression in moderately to highly aggressive children. Aggressive Behavior, 33, 185-197.

Bartol, C. R. (1991). Predictive validation of the MMPI for small-town police officers who fail. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 22(2), 127-132.

Bartol, C. R. (2001), Introduction to the special issue, psychopathy and risk assessment. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 28(4), 399-401.

Basham, R. B. (1992). Clinical utility of the MMPI research scales in the assessment of adolescent acting out behaviors. Psychological Assessment, 4(4), 483-492.

Baskin-Sommers, A. R., Zeier, J. D., & Newman, J. P. (2009). Self-reported attentional control differentiates the major factors of psychopathy. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(6), 626-630.

Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2008). Comorbid antisocial and borderline personality disorders: Mentalization-based treatment. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 64(2), 181-194.

Bathurst, K., Gottfried, W. A., & Gottfried, A. E. (1997). Normative data for the MMPI-2 in child custody litigation. Psychological Assessment, 9(3), 205-211.

Batson, A., Gudjonsson, G., & Gray, J. (in press). Attribution of blame for criminal acts and its relationship with psychopathy as measured by the Hare Psychopathic Checklist (PCL-SV). Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology.

Batty, D. (2002). Risky view. The Guardian Unlimited, April 17, 2002. [full text]

Bauer, L. O., Hesselbrock, V. M., O’Conner, S., & Roberts, L. (1994). P300 differences between non-alcoholic young men at average and above average risk for alcoholism: Effects of distraction and task modality. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 18, 263-277.

Bauer, L. O., O’Connor, S., & Hesselbrock, V. M. (1994). Frontal P300 decrements in antisocial personality disorder. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 18(6), 1300-1305.

Baumgardner, T. L. (1994). Neurobehavioral correlates of psychopathy in female inmates: Support for the contribution of prenatal androgens [Abstract]. Dissertation Abstracts International, 55(3-B), 1219.

Beaver, K. M., Boutwell, B. B., Barnes, J. C., & Cooper, J. A. (2009). The biosocial underpinnings to adolescent victimization: Results from a longitudinal sample of twins. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 7(3), 223-238. [special issue]

Bechtel, K., Lowenkamp, C. T., & Latessa, E. (2007). Assessing the risk of re-offending for juvenile offenders using the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 45(3/4), 85-108.

Beech, A. R., Fisher, D. D., & Thornton, D. (2003). Risk assessment of sex offenders. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 34(4), 339-352.

Beech, A. R., & Ward, T. (2004). The integration of etiology and risk in sexual offenders: A theoretical framework. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 10(1), 31-63.

Beggs, S. M., & Grace, R. C. (2008). Psychopathy, intelligence, and recidivism in child molesters: Evidence of an interaction effect. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 35(6), 683-695.

Bélanger, N., & Earls, C. (1996). Sex offender recidivism prediction. Forum on Corrections Research, 8(2), 22-24. [full text]

Belfrage, H. (1998). Implementing the HCR-20 scheme for risk assessment in a forensic psychiatric hospital: Integrating research and clinical practice. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 9, 328-338.

Belfrage, H., & Douglas, K .S. (2002). Treatment effects on forensic psychiatric patients measured with the HCR-20 Violence Risk Assessment Scheme. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 1(1), 25-36. [full text]

Belfrage, H., Fransson, R., & Strand, S. (2000). Prediction of violence using the HCR-20: A prospective study in two maximum-security correctional institutions. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry, 11(1), 167-175.

Belfrage, H., Fransson, G., & Strand, S. (2004). Management of violent behaviour in the correctional system using qualified risk assessments. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 9, 11-22.

Belfrage, H., & Ryding, M. (2004). Characteristics of spousal homicide perpetrators: A study of all cases of spousal homicide in Sweden 1990 - 1999. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 14(2), 121-133.

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Hare, R. D. (1979). Psychopathy and laterality of cerebral function. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 88, 605-610.

Hare, R. D. (1979). Psychopathy and the need for stimulation. Paper presented at the international conference on Temperment, Warsaw, Poland.

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Hare, R.D. (1980). Psychopathy and crime. In L. Otten (Ed.), Colloquium on the correlates of crime and the determinants of criminal behavior (pp. 95-132), McClean, VA: The Mitre Corporation.

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Hare, R. D. (1982). Psychopathy and physiological activity during anticipation of an aversive stimulus in a distraction paradigm. Psychophysiology, 19, 266-271.

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*Hare, R. D. (1984). Performance of psychopaths on cognitive tasks related to frontal lobe functions. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 93, 133-140.

Hare, R. D. (1985). Checklist for the assessment of psychopathy in criminal populations. In M. H. Ben-Aron, S. J. Hucker, & C. D. Webster (Eds.), Clinical criminology (pp. 157-167). University of Toronto, ON: Clarke Institute of Psychiatry.

*Hare, R. D. (1985). A comparison of procedures for the assessment of psychopathy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 7-16.

Hare, R. D. (1986). Criminal psychopaths. In J. Yuille (Ed.), Police selection and training: The role of psychology (pp.187-205). Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff.

Hare, R. D. (1986). Twenty years experience with the Cleckley psychopath. In W. H. Reid, D. Dorr, J. I Walker, & J. W. Bonner III (Eds.), Unmasking the psychopath (pp. 3-27). New York: W.W. Norton.

Hare, R. D. (1990). Development of an instrument for the assessment of psychopathy in the mentally disordered. Progress Report.

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Hare, R. D. (1992). A model treatment program for offenders at high risk for violence. Report submitted to the Research Branch, Communications and Corporate Development, Correctional Service of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.

Hare, R. D. (1993). Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us. New York: Simon & Schuster (Pocket Books). Paperback published in 1995. Reissued in 1998 by Guilford Press.

Hare, R. D. (1994). Predators: The disturbing world of the psychopaths among us. Psychology Today, Jan/Feb, 1994. [full text]

Hare, R. D. (1995). Psychopaths: New trends in research. Harvard Mental Health Letter, 12, 4-5.

Hare, R. D. (1996). Psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder: A case of diagnostic confusion. Psychiatric Times, 13, 39-40. [full text]

Hare, R. D. (1996). Psychopathy: A clinical construct whose time has come. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 23, 25-54.

Hare, R. D. (1997). The NATO Advanced Study Institute on psychopathy, Alvor, Portugal, 1995. Journal of Personality Disorders, 11, 301-303.

Hare, R. D. (1998). The NATO Advanced Study Institute. In D. J. Cooke, A. E. Forth, & R. D. Hare (Eds.), Psychopathy: Theory, research, and implications for society (pp. 1-11). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.

Hare, R. D. (1998). Psychopathy, affect, and behavior. In D. J. Cooke, A. E. Forth, & R. D. Hare (Eds.), Psychopathy: Theory, research, and implications for society (pp. 105-137). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.

Hare, R. D. (1998). The Hare PCL-R: Some issues concerning its use and misuse. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 3, 101-122.

Hare, R. D. (1998). Psychopaths and their nature: Implications for the mental health and criminal justice systems. In T. Millon, E. Simonson, M. Burket-Smith, & R. Davis (Eds.), Psychopathy: Antisocial, criminal, & violent behavior(pp.188-212). New York: Guilford Press.

Hare, R. D. (1999). Psychopathy as a risk factor for violence. Psychiatric Quarterly, 70(3), 181-197.

Hare, R. D. (2001). Psychopaths and their nature: Some implications for understanding human predatory violence. In A. Raine & J. Sanmartin (Eds.), Violence and psychopathy (pp. 5-34). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishing.

Hare, R. D. (2002). Psychopathy and risk for recidivism and violence. In N. Gray, J. Laing, & L. Noaks (Eds.), Criminal justice, mental health, and the politics of risk (pp. 27-47). London: Cavendish Publishing.

Hare, R. D. (2002). Psychopathy as a risk factor for violence. In H.E. Allen (Ed.), Risk reduction: Interventions for special needs offenders, (pp. 165-184). Lanham, MD: American Correctional Association.

Hare, R. D. (2003). Manual for the Revised Psychopathy Checklist (2nd ed.). Toronto, ON, Canada: Multi-Health Systems.

Hare, R. D. (2006). Psychopathy: A clinical and forensic overview. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 29(3), 709-724.

Hare, R. D. (2007). El lado oscuro de la personalidad (The Dark Side of Personality). Eduardo Punsett (Coordinador). Emociones básicas: El impacto de la ciencia sociedad. Madrid: Fundacion Santander. (This chapter is based on a public lecture Dr. Hare gave in Madrid, Spain on March 15, 2007 as part of the Santander Foundation Series on Science and Society: Basic Emotions: "Aggression Psicopática: El Lado Oscuro de la Personalidad." Ciencia y Sociedad: Emociones Básicas. Fundación Central Hispana de Santander.)

Hare, R. D. (2007). Forty years are not enough: Recollections, random musings, and prognostications. In H. Hervé & J. Yuille (Eds.), The psychopath: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 3-29). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates.

Hare, R. D. (2007). Psychological instruments in the assessment of psychopathy. In A. R. Felthous & H. Sass (Eds.), International Handbook on Psychopathic Disorders and the Law (pp. 41-67). New York: Wiley.

Hare, R. D. (2008). Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (2nd Edition) (PCL-R). In B. Cutler (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Psychology and Law. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage Publications.

Hare, R. D., Clark, D., Grann, M., & Thornton, D. (2000). Psychopathy and the predictive validity of the PCL-R: An international perspective. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 18(5), 623-645.

Hare, R. D. & Connolly, J. F. (1987). Perceptual asymmetries and information processing in psychopaths. In S. A. Mednick, T. E. Moffitt, & S. A. Stack (Eds.), Causes of crime: New biological approaches (pp. 218-238). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hare, R. D., Cooke, D. J., & Hart, S. D. (1999). Psychopathy and sadistic personality disorder. In T. Millon, P. H. Blaney, & R. D. Davis (Eds.), Oxford textbook of psychopathology (pp.555-584). New York: Oxford University Press.

Hare, R. D., & Cox, D. N. (1978). Clinical and empirical conceptions of psychopathy, and the selection of subjects for research. In R. D. Hare, & D. Schalling (Eds.), Psychopathic behaviour: Approaches to research (pp. 1-21). Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Hare, R. D., Cox, D. N., & Frazelle, J. (1978). Psychopathy and physiological responses to nonsignal stimuli. Biological Psychology, 6, 237-246.

Hare, R. D., & Craigen, D. (1974). Psychopathy and physiological activity in a mixed-motive game situation. Psychophysiology, 11, 197-206.

*Hare, R. D., & Forth, A. E. (1985). Psychopathy and lateral preference. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 94, 541-546.

Hare, R.D., Forth, A.E., Harpur, T.J., Hart, S.D., & Williamson, S.E. (1990). Proposed revisions of the diagnostic criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder. Report submitted to DSM-IV Task Force on Axis II Disorders.

*Hare, R. D., Forth, A. E., & Hart, S. D. (1989). The psychopath as prototype for pathological lying and deception. In J. C. Yuille (Ed.), Credibility assessment (pp. 24-49). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.

Hare, R. D., Forth, A. E., & Strachan, K. (1992). Psychopathy and crime across the lifespan. In R. DeV. Peters, R. J. McMahon, & V. L. Quinsey (Eds.), Aggression and violence throughout the life span (pp. 285-300). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Hare, R. D., Frazelle, J., Bus, J., & Jutai, J. (1980). Psychopathy and the structure of primary mental abilities. Journal of Behavioural assessment, 2, 77-88.

Hare, R. D., Frazelle, J., & Cox, D. N. (1978). Psychopathy and physiological responses to threat of an aversive stimulus. Psychophysiology, 15(2), 165-172.

Hare, R. D., & Hare, A. S. (1967). Psychopathic behavior. Excerpta Criminologica, 7, 365-386.

Hare, R. D., & Harpur, T. J. (1986). Weak data, strong conclusions: Some comments on Howard, Bailey and Newman's use of the psychopathy checklist. Personality and Individual Differences, 7(2), 147-151.

*Hare, R. D., Harpur, T. J., Hakstian, A. R., Forth, A. E., Hart, S. D., & Newman, J. P. (1990). The Revised Psychopathy Checklist: Reliability and factor structure. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2, 338-341.

Hare, R. D., & Hart, S. D. (1992). Psychopathy, mental disorder, and crime. In S. Hodgins (Ed.), Mental disorder and crime (pp. 104-115). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Hare, R. D., & Hart, S. D. (1995). Commentary on antisocial personality disorder: The DSM-IV field trial. In W. J. Livesley (Ed.), The DSM-IV personality disorders (pp. 127-134). New York: Guilford Press.

Hare, R. D., Hart, S. D., Forth, A. E., Harpur, T. J., & Williamson, S. E. (1998). Psychopathic personality characteristics: Development of a criteria set for use in the DSM-IV antisocial personality disorder field trial. In T. A. Widiger, A. J. Frances, H. A. Pincus, R. Ross, M. B. First, W. Davis, & M. Kline (Eds.), DSM-IV sourcebook (pp.331-341). Washington: American Psychiatric Association.

Hare, R. D., Hart, S. D., & Harpur, T. J. (1991). Psychopathy and the DSM-IV criteria for antisocial personality disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(3), 391-398.

Hare, R. D., Hemphill, J. F., & Paulhus, D. (2002). The Self-Report Psychopathy Scale - II (SRP-II). Manual in preparation.

Hare, R. D., & Hervé, H. (1999). The Hare P-Scan: Research Version. Toronto, Ontario: Multi-Health Systems.

Hare, R. D., & Hervé, H. (1999, July). The psychopath as clinical prototype for pathological lying and deception. Paper presented at the Joint Meeting of the American Psychology-Law Society and the European Association of Psychology & Law, Dublin, Ireland.

Hare, R. D., & Jutai, J. W. (1983). Criminal history of the male psychopath: Some preliminary data. Prospective Studies of Crime and Delinquency, 225-236.

Hare, R. D., & Jutai, J. W. (1986). Psychopathy, stimulation-seeking, and stress. In J. Strelau, F. Farley, and T. Gale (Eds.), The biological bases of personality and behavior, Vol 2 (pp. 175-184). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Hare, R. D., & Jutai, J. W. (1988). Psychopathy and cerebral asymmetry in semantic processing. Personality and Individual Differences, 9(2), 329-337.

*Hare, R. D., & McPherson, L. M. (1984). Violent and aggressive behavior by criminal psychopaths. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 7, 35-50.

*Hare, R. D., & McPherson, L. M. (1984). Psychopathy and perceptual asymmetry during verbal dichotic listening. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 93, 140-149.

*Hare, R. D., McPherson, L. E., & Forth, A. E. (1988). Male psychopaths and their criminal careers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 710-714.

Hare, R. D., & Neumann, C. S. (2005). Structural models of psychopathy. Current Psychiatry Reports, 7(1), 57-64.

Hare, R. D., & Neumann, C. S. (2006). The PCL-R assessment of psychopathy: Development, structural properties, and new directions. In C. J. Patrick (Ed.), Handbook of psychopathy (pp. 58-88). New York: Guilford Press.

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